The viscosity (shear viscosity) of a Newtonian liquid is normally measured by a relative technique in an instrument calibrated using a liquid of known viscosity. However, whenever the true values of viscosity are required the limits of uncertainty including an estimate of systematic error should be taken as no better than ☐.25 percent. This provides a generally accepted base which limits comparability only by the precision of the measurements. It is suggested that we continue to base the calibration of relative viscometers on the value of 1.002 centipoise (cP) for the viscosity of water at 20 ☌ and one atmosphere. The estimated accuracy in each case is about 0.1 percent. The results of two independent absolute measurements involving different types of flow, reported in the two accompanying papers, are summarized here.
The range of values found from these measurements and the possibility of unrecognized systematic errors make it impossible to base a realistic estimate of accuracy on the results of only one type of measurement. Most absolute measurements of viscosity have utilized capillary flow, and required semiempirical corrections amounting to several times their precision and estimated accuracy.
